Strategy of major space corporate players and management representatives of the GMES and Galileo programmes
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STRATEGY OF MAJOR SPACE CORPORATE PLAYERS AND MANAGEMENT REPRESENTATIVES OF EARTH OBSERVATION PROGRAMMES
Definition of product scenarios of GMES programmes
From the analysis of application issues and requirements,
nine candidate products and services were
derived and, irrespective of their actual state of
operational development, described as product scenarios
which were to serve as a common baseline for
efficiency evaluation (Table 1).
Besides the user demand as outlined above, the
following aspects were also decisive for defining the
product scenarios:
- synergy potential through multi-task usability (utilisation synergy);
- programmatic potential for operational implementation (e.g. regarding the ongoing Service Consolidation Actions within ESA’s Earthwatch GSE programme);
- technical feasibility, including present or near future availability of suitable SRS data;
- avoidance of unrealistic financial conditions (e.g. no coverage of the total federal territory with maximum resolution SRS data).
The resulting set of product/service scenarios comprised
two basic land surface data products:
- an enhanced land cover information system (CORINE Land Cover level 4) based on Landsat/Landsat follow-on and other optical multi-spectral satellite data;
- an area-wide Digital Terrain Model (DTM) based on ERS-1/ERS-2 tandem radar data.
Seven additional monitoring services were defined to
cover specific requirements regarding
- UV irradiation;
- eutrophication in the Northern and Baltic Seas (chlorophyll monitoring);
- the pollution load of inland waters;
- urban development and soil sealing;
- the agricultural crop situation on a given date (addressing requirements of BfS for impact assessment in case of nuclear disaster);
- forests (afforestation, deforestation, reforestation);
- habitat changes.
The parameters of the monitoring services on water pollution, urban development and forests were defined according to the service portfolios developed in the GSE projects SAGE and Forest Monitoring, both of which UBA has joined as a user-side project partner. [1]
STRATEGY OF MAJOR SPACE CORPORATE PLAYERS AND MANAGEMENT REPRESENTATIVES OF GALILEO PROGRAMMES
Implications of controlled Access Concepts for GALILEO
There are considerations to provide certain services of the GALILEO system, i.e. high quality services or services with higher availability only to subscribers against a fee, or to exclude non-trusted users from the service, particularly in times of tension or war. Both scenarios would require some sort of key management to control access and specific hardware and software elements.
Civil aviation
Civil aviation is a highly regulated industry under the mandate of ICAO, with over 160 member states. Being a Safety of Life industry, the navigation aids used must comply with ICAO Standards (SARP: Standard And Recommended Practice) and these SARPs take many years to generate and be approved.
Maritime and fisheries
One of the important areas of GNSS applications are maritime and fishing related activities, especially for regulation and mandatory monitoring. Open ocean and inland waterways are the most widely used mode for transporting goods world-wide. The efficiency, safety and optimisation of marine transportation are key issues.
Applications induced by regulations as new business opportunities due to GALILEO
Regulations mandating GNSS application or notably certification of the GNSS signal and guaranteed integrity as intended for GALILEO may pave the way for new GNSS applications and markets not feasible today based on GPS alone thus opening new business opportunities for European industry in the future.
Charging policies and mechanism for GALILEO
It is expected that the charging policies for the usage of GALILEO will form a central part of the tenders for the GALILEO operating company.
GPS/GALILEO compatibility
Until now, compatibility between GALILEO and GPS has become a common understanding during definition and development of GALILEO. It is a fundamental requirement for both providing a maximum of added-value to the end user, and enabling European industry access to world-wide markets. [2]
References
[1] R.Backhaus, B.Beule
"Efficiency evaluation of satellite data products in environmental policy".
[2] G.Dippel-Hens (GALILEAN working group report)
"GNSS business issues".
